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2017年6月29日 星期四

UPS凍結7萬員工的退休金計劃以削減成本; 日本黑貓設計專用車設計學UPS的


300億個運んだヤマトの「相棒」 集配車こうして生まれた(企業遺産)

http://demingcircle.blogspot.tw/2017/06/300.html
日本黑貓設計專用車設計學UPS
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【即時頭條】UPS凍結7萬員工的退休金計劃以削減成本
由於成本上升、未來應付款項的認定波動性很大,聯合包裹服務公司(UPS)將凍結約7萬名非工會美國僱員的退休金計劃,用另一種退休福利取而代之。
UPS加入了杜邦和洛克希德馬丁等公司凍結養老金計劃的隊伍,這意味著部份或所有參加者的福利可能會停止積累。為應對電商發貨量飆升的局面,UPS 2017年的計劃資本支出已飆升10億美元,這還不包括退休金負擔。
「這並非危險訊號,」Seaport Global Holdings分析師Kevin Sterling稱。
根據監管備案檔案,UPS的美國退休金計劃2016年底有98.5億美元的缺口,這意味著資金到位率約為76%。
UPS 6月27日表示,新政策要到2023年1月1日才會生效,給受影響員工超過5年的準備時間。這些員工約佔員工總數的16%,多數都在行政或管理崗位上。撰文/Mary Schlangenstein、Katherine Chiglinsky
#UPS #退休金

2017年6月28日 星期三

蘋論:年改是民主的勝利; 林濁水:鼓掌!公務員年改終於有驚無險通過


蘋論:年改是民主的勝利

 
立法院在擾攘聲中終於三讀通過公務員年金改革法案。此法案不是否決所有公務員的年金,只是削減不合理、不公平的部分,還是讓退休公務員月領足以保持生活尊嚴的年金。所以,正如岳日明先生所說的:「你們(反年改者)沒有輸,蔡政府也沒有贏,贏的是這個國家制度的建立。」

擇善固執救破產

觀看這件事的發展,有四個亮點應該值得拍拍手按個讚。
三讀通過前,反年改鬧得轟轟烈烈,民間許多人開始憂心蔡可能頂不住而退卻─不是大肆修改原先的草案,以致失去年改主軸和原則,就是撤案再議,從此偃旗息鼓,馬規蔡隨,不再去捅馬蜂窩。結果蔡和民進黨意志堅定,擇善固執,展現了政治領導者應有的態度,讓人耳目一新。此舉不但延緩了2031年破產的公務員年金到2050年,至少可再維持一個世代及30年的財務穩健,預先替後代公務員爭取到他們應得的退休年金,滿足世代正義的需求。此外,也讓蔡及民進黨在這件事情上站到道德的制高點。 

展現高度抗壓性

其次,多次的民意調查所顯示的年改支持度都超過6成,最高甚至超過8成,民意不顧反年改者的嗆聲,一路堅定支持年改的意志,給執政黨打氣加油,使數度沮喪挫折的蔡政府能一再鼓起勇氣,終能完成使命。
再者,蔡政府及黨團始終一以貫之,團結合作,一改過去一人一把號,各吹各的調的習性,已經顯示出越來越像民主國家成熟的政黨。同時,在反年改的強大壓力下,民進黨也展現高度的抗壓性和自制力,而且目標非常清楚,過程也節奏分明,進退有據。 

透明交流破謠言

最耀眼奪目的亮點是政府不懼煩瑣,舉辦多場意見交流會,很有耐心地聽取各方的批評與建議,這是拜民主機制之所賜,使任何重大的公共政策都透明而且可商量,可討價還價,不再有黑箱作業之譏,這是蔡總統三令五申必須多溝通、多說明的成果,雖曠日費時,但卻是消解惡毒謠言,像是民進黨屠殺公務員以報復他們長期支持國民黨、「公務員像被坦克車輾過去」等低級的煽動語句,並增添民眾對政府的信心。 




林濁水
很久沒有這樣振奮人心的事了。給民進黨和時代力量立委大大鼓掌!公務員年改終於有驚無險通過,二三讀順利到出乎任何人意料之外。感謝民進黨和時代力量立委,力抗反改革力量,也感謝國民黨立委,終於想通而放棄悖離絕大多數民意的議事杯葛,還有感謝總統最後一刻從善如流地放手。
法律條文三個最重要的部分,大體依民進黨立委的構想:18%兩年過度;替代率10年過度;2023年7月1日起初任公務員者重設新制,這三樣都和年改會版大相徑庭。雖然在反改革力量雖然虛張聲勢之下,總統一再要求黨團不要把法律改得離年改會版太遠,總統甚至要求黨團在年改會版本上進一步稍加放水,但是綠立委還是挺住了。
雖然也還有一些向年改會讓步的地方,如「本俸乘2」、「節省挹注」等假球,距完美有段很逺距離,但是總體已經太難能可貴了,肯定將受到絕大多數民眾贊美,不只維護住,甚至將大大改善了民進黨的形象。
將來遇到國家大政的處理,公務員年改整個過程,毫無疑問,對包括黨主席在內的整個民進黨都是無比可貴的經驗。

2017年6月27日 星期二

Fordlandia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford's Forgotten Jungle City

此書有中文版。

"Fordlandia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford's Forgotten Jungle City" Democracy Now 7/2/09 1 of 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8zOIBLxb0Q

Fordlândia (2008)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x2SpGRuwqA4


Fordlandia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford's ... - Google Books

https://books.google.com › History › Latin America › South America
Jun 9, 2009 - The stunning, never before told story of the quixotic attempt to recreate small-town America in the heart of the AmazonIn 1927, Henry Ford, the ...





2017年6月23日 星期五

反年改「窮斯濫矣」; 「公務人員退休資遣撫卹法」草案二讀通過重點




劉姓簡任官員說,他原本6年後滿55歲可退,但衡量所得替代率後,早退領得少,且少了年終、考績獎金,1年差40萬元,打算65歲再退,不過這可能會造成公務機關「一攤死水沒有流動」,年輕人進不來。
另一名12職等司處長官員說,他今年58歲,舊制年資只有9年,18趴2年後歸零,「等我要退休時,18趴早就沒了!」王姓退休教師說,他月領近6萬元,18趴優存1萬8000元,1年後減少9000元、第二年減光光,只剩4萬塊,要縮衣節食了。
藍委在關鍵條文二讀後,先在議場內高喊「反對鬥爭改革」,隨後到議場外點蠟燭,痛罵民進黨惡霸,強姦軍公教。 

「公務人員退休資遣撫卹法」草案二讀通過重點

◎18%優惠存款利率
.領月退金者第1年降為9%,第3年起歸零
.領一次退者分6年調降,第1年降為12%,第3年降至10%,第5年降至8%,第7年起利率6%
◎所得替代率
.年資35年:分10年自75%調降到60%
.年資15年:分10年從45%降為30%
◎退休金計算基準
.從最後在職本俸,調整為從最後在職5年平均俸額,之後逐年拉長1年,至最後在職15年平均俸額
◎月退休金起支年齡
.2020/12/31前退休,須年滿60歲,或任職年資滿30年且年滿55歲
.2021年後退休者,應年滿60歲,之後每年提高1歲,至2026/01/01為65歲
◎樓地板
.為照顧弱勢,月退金低於3萬2160元18趴不受影響
◎育嬰留職停薪年資採計
.公務員辦理育嬰留職停薪者,若要年資不中斷,應全額負擔留停期間退撫基金費用
資料來源:《蘋果》採訪整理 

蘋論:反年改「窮斯濫矣」

 
........事實是年改支持度歷來民調都超過50%,多數還達60%以上,可見支持者才是多數,只是不發聲罷了。少數人大聲會造成外界以為是多數人的錯覺,乃民主政治重大缺點之一。
國民黨立院黨團擺出義正詞嚴地反年改姿態,沒有正當性還很噁心,因一則自己提不出正式又像樣的版本,不努力又想收割或反對別人版本,臉不紅嗎?二則馬前總統自己在任時曾坦承年金制度若不改革,年金將破產.結果自己不敢做,現在民進黨替他做,國民黨還有臉抗爭,不噁心嗎?三則,馬朝時期,考試院長關中曾提出算相當完整公教人員年金改革方案,比現在民進黨版本相對溫和,卻被國民黨自己否決掉,現在再來聲嘶力竭、裝模作樣地反對,豈不虛偽?早知如此,何必當初。...... 

2017年6月22日 星期四

Intel becomes major Olympics sponsor as games go digital

Intel becomes major Olympics sponsor as games go digital

US chipmaker Intel has said it will showcase new technologies at the Olympics, starting next year at the Winter Games in South Korea. The deal comes a week after McDonald's and the Olympic Committee severed ties.
USA Pressekonferenz Intel IOC in New York (picture-alliance/AP Photo/C. Sykes)
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) partnered with fast processors instead of fast food as it announced a new sponsorship deal with US chipmaker Intel on Wednesday.  
The agreement, which runs until 2024, will see the technology firm showcase a range of new technologies at the upcoming Summer and Winter Games, including 5G wireless technology, virtual reality, artificial intelligence and drones.
"We're very excited to be working with the Intel team to drive the future of the Olympic Games through cutting-edge technology," said IOC President Thomas Bach.
Some of that technology is expected to be showcased as early as next year, when Pyeongchang in South Korea hosts the 2018 Winter Games.
USA Pressekonferenz Intel IOC in New York (picture-alliance/AP Photo/C. Sykes)
From VR to 5G, Intel use the Olympics as a platform to roll out their latest technologies.
Announcing the deal in New York late on Wednesday, Bach and Intel Chief Executive Officer Brian Krzanich said the deal would open a host of new experiences up to athletes, fans and viewers.
"Through this close collaboration with the Olympic family, we will accelerate the adoption of technology for the future of sports on the world's largest athletic stage," Krzanich said. "We'll allow people online to feel like they are there."
Courting younger audiences
The IOC has been trying to make the games more technology-savvy in a bid to appeal to younger viewers. Earlier this year, it signed a similar sponsorship deal with the Chinese e-commerce firm, Alibaba. Samsung has also been a prominent Olympic partner since in 1988.
Bach admitted that Olympic viewership over the past decade had trended towards older audiences.
"I got really concerned because then, you have to ask yourself, 'Why?'" he said in an interview with The Associated Press. "We could see from about 2012 on that it was very much a question about the platform. The youth just weren't watching as much TV as they used to in the past."
Bach described the deal as a "novel step" and "a milestone in achieving our goals" of bringing more young people to the Olympics.


Watch video01:26

Tokyo businesses protest Olympic plans

Intel's Asia drive
Intel has in recent years sought to move beyond its core microprocessor business, which has faced declines as the personal computing market veers towards mobile devices.
Earlier this year, it acquired Mobileye, an Israeli tech firm specializing in autonomous driving technology, for just under $15 billion.
The deal will also see Intel expand its reach into Asia, which will host the next three consecutive Olympic Games. After the 2018 games in Pyeongchang, Tokyo will host the 2020 Summer Games and Beijing the Winter Games in 2022.


Watch video26:00

Made in Germany - Industry 4.0: High-tech vs Tradition

McDonald's pulls out of Olympics sponsorship
The IOC's deal with Intel comes a week after it and fast-food giant McDonalds ended their 41-year sponsorship.
McDonald's cited a change in the company priorities as the reason for terminating the deal. The company has been tightening costs as it invests in improving its food quality, restaurant service and online ordering to woo back diners in the United States, where intense competition has gnawed away at sales.
Meanwhile, the IOC faced criticism from public health campaigners for allowing sponsors such as Coca-Cola and McDonald's to use the Games as an opportunity to market their products, which contrast with the image of healthy living that the event seeks to promote.
"With McDonald's, it's very easy," Bach said. "They are changing and we are changing and this is why we agreed on going different ways."

2017年6月18日 星期日

Expanded state ownership is a risky solution to economic ills

The rise of Jeremy Corbyn and Bernie Sanders hints at a weakening of the rich-world consensus that the less of the economy owned by the government, the better. That is a pity

The perils of nationalisation
ECONOMIST.COM

2017年6月15日 星期四

international airlines with the best on-time performance records. Air Berlin scans horizon for a savior


Air Berlin scans horizon for a savior

Investors in Germany's second-largest carrier, Air Berlin, are meeting in
London to debate ways out of a deep financial crisis the airline has
grappled with in recent years. Can the troubled company really be rescued?

The www.dw.com Article
------
Every year, the aviation insights company FlightStats puts together a list of the international airlines with the best on-time performance records. It’s the capstone to the company’s year-round efforts to track delay and cancellation patterns for airlines across the globe. We’ve asked them to share all of their annual findings so we can point out the losers, too. Without further ado, here are the full results, along with your likelihood of getting delayed on each carrier:

The Worst 10 International Airlines of 2016

  • 10. Hainan Airlines – 30.3 percent
  • 9. Korean Air – 31.74 percent 
  • 8. Air China – 32.73 percent
  • 7. Hong Kong Airlines – 33.42 percent
  • 6. China Eastern Airlines – 35.8 percent
  • 5. Asiana Airlines – 37.46 percent
  • 4. Philippine Airlines – 38.33 percent
  • 3. Air India – 38.71 percent
  • 2. Icelandair – 41.05 percent
  • 1. El Al – 56 percent

The Best 10 International Airlines of 2016

  • 10. Qantas – 15.7 percent
  • 9. TAM Linhas Aéreas – 14.93 percent
  • 8. Delta Air Lines – 14.83 percent
  • 7. Singapore Airlines – 14.55 percent
  • 6. ANA – 14.46 percent
  • 5. Austrian – 14.26 percent
  • 4. Qatar Airways – 13.66 percent
  • 3. JAL – 12.2 percent
  • 2. Iberia – 11.82 percent
  • 1. KLM – 11.47 percent

2017年6月9日 星期五

港貧富懸殊續惡化 堅尼系數達0.539半世紀新高 統計處不再提供英澳加數字比較

政府統計處公布香港住戶收入分布報告,當中披露2016年本港的堅尼系數為0.539,較2011年的0.537上升0.002,亦是45年來新高,反映其間在人口老化及一、二人住戶增加影響之下,令住戶收入差距有所擴大。
政府統計處公布香港住戶收入分布報告,當中披露2016年本港的堅尼系數為0.539,較2011年...
THESTANDNEWS.COM



Gini coefficient」的各地常用別名
中國大陸基尼係數
臺灣吉尼係數、堅尼係數
港澳堅尼系數
馬新基尼係數



吉尼係數英語:Gini coefficient),是20世紀初義大利學者科拉多·吉尼根據勞倫茨曲線所定義的判斷年收入分配公平程度的指標[2]。是比例數值,在0和1之間。吉尼指數(Gini index)是指吉尼係數乘100倍作百分比表示。

定義[編輯]

圖中橫軸為人口累計百分比,縱軸為該部分人的收入佔人口總收入的百分比,三條色線各表示不同情況下後者和前者的比例。綠線表示人口收入分配處於絕對平均狀態,藍線表示絕對不平均(即所有收入由一人獨佔),紅線則表示實際情況。紅線和綠線之間的面積越小,則收入分配越平等。
設右圖中的實際收入分配曲線紅線)和收入分配絕對平等線綠線)之間的面積為A,和收入分配絕對不平等線藍線)之間的面積為B,則表示收入與人口之間的比例的吉尼係數[3]
如果A為零,即吉尼係數為0,表示收入分配完全平等(紅線和綠線重疊);如果B為零,則係數為1,收入分配絕對不平等(紅線和藍線重疊)。該係數可在0和1之間取任何值。收入分配越趨向平等,勞倫茨曲線的弧度越小(斜度越傾向45度),吉尼係數也越小;反之,收入分配越趨向不平等,勞倫茨曲線的弧度越大,那麼吉尼係數也越大。
吉尼係數的調節需要國家通過財政政策進行國民收入的二次分配,例如對民眾的財政公共服務支出和稅收等,從而讓收入均等化,令吉尼係數縮小。

2017年6月8日 星期四

雄才大略與政治風險: Qatar's $200 Billion in World Cup Projects in Limbo



Saudi Blockade Leaves Qatar's $200 Billion in World Cup Projects in Limbo
by
Mohammed Sergie and
Deena Kamel
2017 M06 9 05:00 GMT+8


  • Cuts in ties with Qatar slow construction, energy supplies
  • Isolation by sea, land, air may boost volumes at Oman port
Khalifa International Stadium in Doha, Qatar, on May 19, 2017.
 
Photographer: Neville Hopwood/Getty Images for Qatar 2022
Qatar is spending $500 million a week to bring the world’s biggest sporting event to the Arab world for the first time. Its neighbors, the intended spectators, are blocking supplies from cement to door handles that the country needs to pull off the feat.
The road to soccer’s 2022 World Cup has been mired in controversy since Qatar won its bid seven years ago. But the world’s richest nation per capita has soldiered on, committing $200 billion to develop at least eight new stadiums, a $35 billion metro and rail system, and a new city for 200,000 people. It also plans to double the size of its airport to handle as many as 53 million passengers a year.
Construction continues for now despite a blockade that’s stranding trucks in Saudi Arabia and cargo in ports in the United Arab Emirates. Both countries, along with Bahrain and Egypt, cut transportation links with Qatar, including roads across the peninsula’s only land border. Qatar’s neighbors accuse it of destabilizing the region by supporting proxies of Shiite Muslim Iran and the Sunni militants of al-Qaeda and Islamic State, charges the sheikhdom has repeatedly denied.
All countries in the energy-rich region depend on imports, but Qatar’s main trade routes connect by land with Saudi Arabia and by sea via ports in the U.A.E. All but one of the 26 container ships that called on Qatar last month stopped at one or more ports in the U.A.E., Bloomberg tracking data show.

Logistics Chains

To restore reliable access to imports, “dedicated feeder services would have to be set up to and from Qatar, which may take time to effect,” Neil Davidson, senior analyst of ports and terminals at London-based Drewry Shipping Consultants Ltd., said by email. “The cost of any alternative routing would undoubtedly be higher than the current set-up.”
Qatar’s dependence on U.A.E. ports and logistics chains is significant. The smaller nation accounted for almost 30 percent of the U.A.E.’s non-oil exports in the third quarter of 2016, according to the latest data from the U.A.E.’s Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Authority. Those shipments consisted mostly of sulfur, earths and stones, plaster, lime and cement used by the construction industry, according to the data.
More pressing than a soccer tournament in five years is the task of keeping Qatar’s oil and gas industry humming, and energy companies are stockpiling materials and equipment, two distributors in Doha said, asking not to be identified due to political tensions in the country. Qatar is the world’s biggest exporter of liquefied natural gas and, like Saudi Arabia and the U.A.E., a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.

Shipment Diverted

One of the distributors said his biggest clients, state-run Qatar Petroleum and its LNG subsidiaries, are buying up all his supplies and asking for confirmation that he can fulfill future orders. He said he’s hustling to arrange for 47 cargoes stuck in Jebel Ali port in the U.A.E. emirate of Dubai to be re-exported via Oman or Kuwait. One shipment on a vessel from China was diverted to stop first in Qatar rather than the U.A.E. so as to bypass the blockade, he said.
Qatar Petroleum didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment. The nation’s Hamad port, which opened recently south of Doha, is big enough to accommodate large cargo ships, and companies are looking for alternative supply sources, Foreign Minister Mohammed Al Thani told reporters at his office on Thursday.
A manager at a building supplies company, who also asked not to be identified given the political tensions, said he ordered trucks that were marooned at the Saudi border to drive instead to Oman, more than 500 kilometers (310 miles) in the opposite direction. From there, he plans to arrange for ships to load the goods at Sohar or another Omani port and deliver them by sea. Some items in Jebel Ali that he needs to complete a project will come to Qatar via air freight, he said.
Qatar will endure the worst of the cut in trade links, but Saudi Arabian and U.A.E. companies can also expect some pain. The winners in the Gulf dispute appear so far to be nearby countries that are sitting on the sidelines: Oman, Kuwait and Iran.
"Jebel Ali is likely to be most affected, as it is the main hub for Qatar," Davidson said. "Sohar and Iranian ports, Bandar Abbas in particular, stand to benefit."

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