tsmc 重大決定 - - - 未來 3年將投資1000億美元擴產與先進製程研
Intel should beware of becoming a national champion
Its bet on making more semiconductors in America is a big gamble
BusinessApr 3rd 2021 edition
Mar 31st 2021
Data may be the new oil, but it is semiconductors—the brains of the data economy—that these days vie with hydrocarbons as the business world’s biggest economic flashpoint. Like crude, the $500bn computer-chip industry is essential to industrial economies. It is regularly buffeted, as are oilmen, by excesses of supply and demand. And it is at the vortex of intense geopolitical rivalries. Its main wellspring, though, is not in the Persian Gulf, but on an island about 175km (110 miles) across the water from China. What is more, the Communist Party in Beijing claims the island in question, Taiwan, as part of its territory. That puts the semiconductor industry at the heart of the Sino-American power struggle—a uniquely uncomfortable place to be.
It is in this context that the recent $20bn commitment by Intel, America’s biggest chipmaker, to revitalise semiconductor production in America should be seen. With some fanfare, its new boss, Pat Gelsinger, is placing a flag on his home turf, hoping to help reclaim the dynamism that the country which invented semiconductors has lost to chip factories in Taiwan and South Korea. It comes amid a surge of “chip nationalism”, in which governments from East to West are offering lavish subsidies for such “fabs”. It coincides with a severe chip shortage that—though it mostly affects microprocessors used in cars, which Intel does not sell—has brought home the danger of supply disruptions. And it follows America’s kneecapping of Huawei, a Chinese maker of networking gear, by restricting its access to American technology, including semiconductors.
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英特爾將投資200億美元興建新晶片工廠，加快重振
英特爾CEO基辛格將快速採取行動，通過實施一項廣泛的計劃來重振英特爾的雄風，一方面打算擴大外包規模，另一方面承諾投入200億美元興建新廠，這些舉措可能有助於解決晶片短缺問題。
英特爾公司(Intel Co., INTC)的首席執行官將快速採取行動，通過實施一項廣泛的計劃來重振英特爾的雄風，一方面打算擴大外包規模，另一方面承諾投入200億美元興建新廠，這些舉措可能有助於解決晶片短缺問題。
基辛格(Pat Gelsinger)周二說，從2023年開始，英特爾將更多地倚重第三方晶片製造合作夥伴，包括生產一些最先進的處理器。
但這位剛上任一個多月的CEO表示，英特爾並未放棄其既是晶片設計商又是晶片製造商的歷史根源，將保留大部分生產業務。他說，該公司還在繼續努力為其他公司生產晶片。
基辛格表示，為支撐這一雄心，英特爾計劃在亞利桑那州的現有設施新建兩家晶片工廠，預計將於2024年投產。該公司還說，將在年內詳細說明在美國、歐洲和其他地區的進一步擴張計劃。
...dw 英特爾投資200億美元蓋廠挑戰台積電?
美國半導體巨擘英特爾執行長基辛格（Pat Gelsinger）週二宣布投資200億美元，要在美國再蓋兩座晶圓廠，並搶進晶圓代工服務。這會威脅到台灣的晶圓代工龍頭台積電嗎？德國之聲請專家分析。
英特爾週二（3月23日）宣布要建立獨立的晶圓代工業務部門，該公司目標成為美國和歐洲當地晶圓代工產能的主要供應商。
(德國之聲中文網) 美國半導體公司英特爾（Intel）在周二（3月23日）宣布將投資200億美元，在美國亞利桑納州再蓋兩座晶圓廠，並宣示擴大該公司的晶圓代工服務。
英特爾執行長基辛格（Pat Gelsinger）表示：“我們很高興能與亞利桑那州和拜登政府合作，透過獎勵措施來刺激這類的美國國內投資。”這呼應了先前拜登政府要推動高科技製造回流美國的規劃。
同時，英特爾的新策略也被認為在向台灣的台積電和南韓的三星宣戰。當前，全世界有辦法繼續投資先進製程芯片的只有三家公司：台積電丶三星和英特爾，然而，英特爾的先進製程芯片研發進度遲遲落後它的兩個競爭對手。
終於，基辛格在周二表示，該公司先進製程的進度良好。他也在接受路透社專訪時坦言，該公司已經“完全解決”其最先進7奈米芯片製程問題，併計劃該製程芯片在2023年可以適用所有系統。
基辛格也宣布成立一個“晶圓代工服務”（Intel Foundry Services）的獨立事業部門。他說，為了因應全球芯片產能的龐大需求，英特爾計畫在美國再建兩座晶圓廠，並寄望未來成為美國和歐洲當地晶圓代工產能的主要供應商。
這家公司雖然同時稱要擴大與台積電這樣的第三方晶圓代工廠的合作關係，但當英特爾決心在代工的事業中分一杯羹，這會對台灣的台積電造成巨大衝擊嗎？
台灣經濟部長王美花24日回應說，這“不會是挑戰”。她表示，台灣半導體的生態系非常好，台灣的廠商很厲害丶技術也一直在進步當中。
台積電受威脅？
台灣的台積電目前佔有全世界最大的晶圓代工市佔率。
雖然英特爾早有悠久的“代工”歷史，但其主要的商業模式還是以“垂直整合製造（IDM）”模式為主，意思是該公司從設計到製造最終的芯片產品一手包辦; 這和長久以來以“代工”模式聞名的台積電很不同。
“對台積電有負面的影響，這是確定的。”一位台灣晶圓製造大廠的前高層告訴德國之聲，英特爾決心搶進代工，即便不是搶走大部分的客戶，英特爾也可能會帶走一小部分客戶。
不過他說，“英特爾不太會做代工這是事實。”他表示，英特爾長期要求供應鏈要配合它，但當它要開始擴大經營代工事業，會變成英特爾得去配合供應鏈客戶，企業在心態上需要有大轉換。
此外，英特爾還可能面臨產品利益衝突的問題。當英特爾在經營自家品牌芯片產品時，若又要同時替有競爭關係的客戶代工製造，確實可能引發客戶疑慮; 反之，台積電就是因為完全不生產自有品牌芯片，得以將這類隱憂排除在外。
位於美國亞利桑那州的英特爾（Intel）奧科蒂洛（Ocotillo）園區的最新晶圓42廠已在2020年完全運轉，該公司預計在同一園區再建兩座晶圓廠。（英特爾提供）
DW.COM
芯片短缺壓力大拜登命令審視供應鏈
在美國車廠因全球芯片短缺壓力被迫減產時，拜登簽署行政命令，未來100天將審察半導體丶稀土等的供應鏈，加強與盟國合作並刺激美國的製造產能。
應對中國崛起美推動高科技法案
長期缺水可能成為台灣晶圓廠擴廠限制
台美半導體會議強調雙邊互賴丶加入CPTPP
長年觀察半導體產業的前半導體分析師陳慧明就告訴德國之聲：“你（英特爾代工服務的）財務上不獨立的話，你不是另外一家公司的話，別人還是會覺得你跟我是利益衝突。”
不過，陳慧明說，這次英特爾砸下200億美元要蓋兩座廠，並且公佈7奈米芯片的量產時程，當然可以正面思考。“某種程度是表示它（英特爾）決心要繼續在製程往下走，但往下走的話，它要思考的不只是今天200億，它要思考的是台積電都投了250億，我明年或後年是不是要投250億，甚至接下來要往300億走。”
對比台積電預計在今年砸下的250億至280億美元的資本支出，英特爾的200億美元與台積電仍有段差距。但上述晶圓大廠的前高層說，過去大家可能看不到英特爾的未來，“代工就是一條讓它的資本投資可以長期發展的。”
“只是整個（競爭）格局會不會改變？現在真的言之過早。”陳慧明說。
©2021年德國之聲版權聲明：本文所有內容受到著作權法保護，如無德國之聲特別授權，不得擅自使用。任何不當行為都將導致追償，並受到刑事追究。
日期 24.03.2021
作者 李玟儀
Intel Announces $20 Billion Investment for Two New Arizona Fabs Investment Expected to Create 3,000 Additional High-Tech Jobs March 23, 2021 — Intel Corporation announced a significant expansion of Intel’s semiconductor manufacturing capacity, beginning with plans for two new factories (or “fabs”) at the company’s Ocotillo campus in Chandler, Arizona. Planning and construction activities are expected to begin immediately. “Intel is proud to expand our U.S. manufacturing presence with two new factories in Arizona,” said Keyvan Esfarjani, Intel senior vice president in Manufacturing & Operations.
“For more than 40 years, Arizona has been vital to Intel’s ability to create the worldchanging technology we all depend on. This new investment will advance the ecosystem of innovation we’ve helped create in Arizona and increase U.S. semiconductor manufacturing capacity.” The two fabs will support expanding requirements of Intel’s current products and customers and provide committed capacity for the newly announced Intel Foundry Services. “We are grateful for our partnerships with the State of Arizona and the Biden administration for creating a business environment that encourages investment in semiconductor innovation and helps make this new expansion possible,” said Dr. Randhir Thakur, president of Intel Foundry Services.
“We are excited to continue our long tradition of innovating and investing in Arizona.” Government and Industry Response “As President Biden has said, the U.S. is the birthplace of [semiconductor] technology, but over the years we have underinvested in production and hurt our innovative edge, while other countries have learned from our example and increased their investments in the industry. An investment of this scale will help to preserve U.S. technology innovation and leadership, strengthen U.S. economic and national security, and protect and grow American jobs. Working together, we can maintain America’s place as a technology and innovation leader.” U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo “Today’s announcement means jobs, jobs and more jobs for the state of Arizona. It also proves once again that Arizona is at the cutting-edge of advanced chipmaking and manufacturing. No company has been such an instrumental partner in Arizona’s growth and transformation over the years as Intel, and my sincere thanks goes out to CEO Pat Gelsinger and the entire Intel team.
Today, when people think of Intel’s Ocotillo Campus Today’s Announcement ⋅ $20 billion investment ⋅ Two new Arizona factories, for a total of six factories on Intel’s Ocotillo campus ⋅ 3,000+ additional high-tech, high-wage Intel jobs ⋅ 3,000+ construction jobs ⋅ 15,000 additional local longterm Arizona jobs ⋅ Planning and construction activities expected to start immediately semiconductor production, they think of Arizona, and that means tremendous things for our state, country and future generations of Arizonans.” Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey “Today’s announcement by Intel is proof that our legislation investing in semiconductor manufacturing helps grow Arizona’s economy, creates good-paying jobs across our state, helps enhance our national security, and ensures our country continues to lead in innovation. I am proud our success getting the CHIPS for America Act signed into law helped pave the way for today’s expansion, and I remain committed to continuing bipartisan work boosting Arizona’s economy.” U.S. Sen. Kyrsten Sinema “Intel has long recognized that Arizona is a great place to do business, and their continued investment in operations here will create thousands of high-paying jobs. Increasing domestic production of semiconductors is an economic and national security imperative, and this further shows that Arizona is poised to be a leader in this sector.”
U.S. Sen. Mark Kelly “Our nation’s manufacturing sector is of vital importance to the resilience, security and prosperity of American communities. Arizona is proud to have Intel, a manufacturing powerhouse, expanding their company in our state. Manufacturing is the very cornerstone of American independence and economic growth, and Intel’s investment in our community not only provides jobs and careers to Arizonans, but inspires ingenuity and workmanship that benefits all Americans. We are looking forward to growing this partnership and enriching innovation within our state.” U.S. Rep Andy Biggs “Intel’s selection of Arizona for this historic investment is a testament to our vibrant and growing technology ecosystem – one powered by our streamlined regulatory environment, low cost of doing business, world-class higher education institutions, and highly skilled and talented labor force. We are so grateful to Intel for their unrivaled commitment to our state. We look forward to continuing to partner in their success for decades to come.” Arizona Commerce Authority President and CEO Sandra Watson About the Intel Ocotillo Campus The Intel Ocotillo campus is the company’s first mega-factory network, with four factories connected via a mile-long automated superhighway. With the addition of two new fabs, the Arizona site will become Intel’s largest manufacturing site in the world; the campus covers approximately 700 acres. The expansion comes on the heels of Intel opening Fab 42, its newest, leading-edge manufacturing facility, also located at the Ocotillo campus. At the time, Fab 42 was one of the largest construction projects in the U.S. – a $7 billion investment that created 3,000 new Intel jobs and 10,000 new Arizona jobs overall. Intel’s Ocotillo campus is also home to the company’s most ambitious on-site water recycling facility, which is able to treat more than 9 million gallons of water each day. Intel currently employs 12,000 Arizonans and is the largest employer in Chandler. The new investment is estimated to create an additional 3,000 permanent high-tech, high wage Intel jobs as well as 3,000 construction jobs.
About Intel in Arizona Arizona is Intel’s U.S. manufacturing powerhouse. For more than 40 years, Arizona has been vital to Intel’s ability to create the world-changing technology we all depend on. Today, Intel Arizona has nearly 12,000 employees between its two campuses in Chandler and an annual economic impact of $8.6 billion, based on 2019 data. Intel has invested $30 billion in capital to support its operations in the state. Intel invests in Arizona to make the community more vibrant for everyone. From protecting and supporting Arizona’s natural resources, including water and energy, to empowering Arizona’s next generation of innovators, Intel is committed to addressing community needs. Intel and the Intel Foundation have given more than $35 million to support Arizona schools and nonprofits since 2015. Thousands of Intel’s Arizona employees have contributed more than 750,000 volunteer hours at local schools and nonprofits since 2015. Intel purchases green power to meet 100% of its Arizona energy use and invests in local and on-site alternative energy, like the 100-megawatt East Line Solar Plant in Coolidge, which began delivering renewable energy to its facility in December. Additionally, Intel has funded 15 community-based water restoration projects – including support for the Colorado River and Salt River – that will restore nearly 1 billion gallons each year benefiting Arizona. Forward-Looking Statements Statements in this fact sheet that refer to future plans and expectations, including with respect to manufacturing and investment plans including Intel’s planned Arizona expansion, and Intel Foundry Services, are forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Statements that refer to or are based on estimates, forecasts, projections, uncertain events or assumptions also identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on management’s current expectations and involve many risks and uncertainties. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are set forth in Intel’s press releases dated March 23, 2021 and its SEC filings, which are available at www.intc.com. Intel does not undertake, and expressly disclaims any duty, to update any statement made in this article, whether as a result of new information, new developments or otherwise, except to the extent that disclosure may be required by law. About Intel Intel (Nasdaq: INTC) is an industry leader, creating world-changing technology that enables global progress and enriches lives. Inspired by Moore’s Law, we continuously work to advance the design and manufacturing of semiconductors to help address our customers’ greatest challenges. By embedding intelligence in the cloud, network, edge and every kind of computing device, we unleash the potential of data to transform business and society for the better. To learn more about Intel’s innovations, go to newsroom.intel.com and intel.com. © Intel Corporation. Intel, the Intel logo and other Intel marks are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
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